France is developing an initiative, the “Grand Défi”, following the Citizens’ Climate Convention. One of them, the Grand Défi “Agricultural Robotics”, was the subject of a conference at the Sitevi Montpellier. It “should make it possible to consolidate the agricultural robotics sector in order to accelerate the agroecological transition by offering farmers solutions for the management of their farms.” The paradox between robotics (technology) and agroecology (return to nature) has challenged us.. .